When Do You Have to Declare Crypto in Spain?

The question sounds like it has one answer. It has three, because Spain runs three separate declarations with three different triggers, and the one that catches people has nothing to do with whether you made money.

1. The IRPF return, Modelo 100

Crypto gains are ganancias patrimoniales taxed in the savings base of IRPF. A taxable event arises when you sell crypto for euros, exchange one crypto for another, spend it, or donate it. Moving crypto between your own wallets is not taxable, though keep the records that prove both are yours.

The savings scale applies progressively by band: 19% up to 6,000 euros, 21% from 6,000 to 50,000, 23% from 50,000 to 200,000, 27% from 200,000 to 300,000, and 28% above 300,000. Spain requires FIFO, so the first coins acquired are treated as the first sold. Losses can offset gains.

There is no crypto specific exempt amount here. The crypto to crypto point is the one that matters most in practice: a year of active trading with no euro withdrawal still produces declarable gains, which surprises people who equate "declaring" with "cashing out".

2. Modelo 721, for crypto held abroad

This is the informational declaration for crypto custodied abroad exceeding 50,000 euros, filed between 1 January and 31 March. Note that Modelo 720 no longer covers crypto; use the 721.

Two things make this the trap:

• It is about holdings, not gains. You can owe no tax whatsoever and still have to file it.
• Its deadline is earlier than the IRPF campaign, so someone waiting for "tax season" has already missed it.

3. Modelo 714, wealth tax

Crypto counts toward your net wealth for the Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio, declared on Modelo 714 if your net wealth exceeds the applicable threshold. Thresholds vary by comunidad autonoma, broadly from around 700,000 euros. Because this is autonomic, your region determines the answer, and a rule you read about Madrid may not apply where you live.

The reasoning error to avoid

Almost every Spanish crypto filing failure comes from a single inference: no gain, therefore nothing to do. Modelo 721 depends on what you hold abroad. Modelo 714 depends on your net wealth. Neither asks whether you profited.

The Agencia Tributaria cross checks informational declarations against what you declare, so your figures should be consistent and each one justifiable.

Income, gifts and inheritance

Staking rewards are generally rendimientos del capital mobiliario in the savings base, valued at receipt. Mining and crypto received as payment are rendimientos de actividades economicas, taxed up to approximately 47%. Gifts and inheritances of crypto may fall under the Impuesto sobre Sucesiones y Donaciones, which is autonomic and broadly ranges from about 7% to 36%.

A practical order of work

1. List every venue and wallet, and split them by whether custody is in Spain or abroad. That split decides Modelo 721.
2. Fix your 31 December positions and their euro values, for the wealth calculation and for the 721.
3. Compute gains under FIFO, including every crypto to crypto exchange.
4. Check the 721 deadline first, because it falls before the IRPF campaign.
5. Check your comunidad autonoma's wealth thresholds rather than a national figure.

Our Modelo 721 guide covers the informational declaration, and Spanish crypto tax covers the full picture.

General information, not tax advice. Rules change and depend on your circumstances. Confirm the current position with the relevant tax authority or a qualified tax professional.